What is Gillies temporal approach?
Temporal (Gillies) approach – Skin incision
The Gillies technique describes a temporal incision (2 cm in length), made 2.5 cm superior and anterior to the helix, within the hairline. A temporal incision is made. Care is taken to avoid the superficial temporal artery.
How do you test for zygomatic fracture?
[9] An intraoperative CT scan is used to visualize the articulations of the zygoma and verify adequate reduction. The zygoma and its articulations can also be palpated after fixation to determine if additional fixation points are needed.
What is ZMC fracture?
The term ZMC fracture describes a spectrum of injuries that includes nondisplaced fractures, fractures displaced at an isolated buttress, and severely comminuted fractures with bone loss. Information about the degree and severity of the overall injury can be extrapolated from the location of the fractures.
How do you reduce zygomatic arch?
Several methods have been described to reduce isolated zygomatic arch fractures. Most of them are based on direct transcutaneous approach (with a malar hook, towel clip, or wire sutures), Gillies temporal approach, or intra-oral Keen approach.
What is the temporal fossa?
The temporal fossa is the area on the side of the cranium from which the temporal muscle arises. The skin over this area is relatively thin and derives its blood supply from branches of the superficial temporal artery. It is drained chiefly by the superficial temporal vein.
Where is the zygomatic arch located?
zygomatic arch, bridge of bone extending from the temporal bone at the side of the head around to the maxilla (upper jawbone) in front and including the zygomatic (cheek) bone as a major portion.
What are the symptoms of zygomatic fracture?
Step deformity of bone margin, flattening of cheek, periorbital ecchymosis, facial asymmetry, oedema, epistaxis, and subconjuntival ecchymosis were the most frequent signs. Pain, infraorbital anesthesia, and pain on mouth opening were the most frequent symptoms.
How do you treat a zygomatic fracture?
Most zygomatic complex fractures can be treated solely by an intraoral approach and rigid fixation at the zygomaticomaxillary buttress. Further exposure of the zygomaticofrontal junction or inferior orbital rim is necessary for severely displaced fractures, which require additional fixation.
What are the common signs and symptoms of ZMC fractures?
Featured symptoms include facial bruising, facial paresthesias, facial pain, facial swelling, periorbital ecchymosis, loss of consciousness, headache, vertigo, soft tissue emphysema, epistaxis, trismus, altered mastication, diplopia, exophthalmos, enophthalmos, midface flattening, and ophthalmoplegia.
Why is it called tripod fracture?
The zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture, also known as a quadripod fracture, quadramalar fracture, and formerly referred to as a tripod fracture or trimalar fracture, has four components, three of which are directly related to connections between the zygoma and the face, and the fourth being the orbital floor.
Is Gillies approach open or closed reduction?
Conclusion: Closed reduction of zygomatic arch fractures by Gillies temporal approach is an effective treatment modality requiring less intraoperative time and having minimal postoperative complications.
What is the function of the zygomatic arch?
Surgical anatomy
The function of the zygomatic arch is protection of the eye, origin for the masseter and part of the temporal muscles, and to provide an articulation for the mandible.
What muscles are in temporal fossa?
The temporal fossa is primarily occupied by the temporalis muscle, but there are a few other contents which include:
- deep temporal arteries.
- deep temporal nerves.
- superficial temporal artery.
- zygomaticotemporal nerve.
Where is temporal bone located?
skull
The temporal bones are two major bones in the skull, or cranium. They help form the sides and base of the skull, where they protect the temporal lobe of the brain and surround the ear canal. The other major bones in the skull are: the two parietal bones that make up the top of the skull.
What 2 bones form the zygomatic arch?
The cranial portion of the zygomatic arch is formed by the zygomatic bone, and the caudal portion is formed by the zygomatic process of the temporal bone.
What type of bone is zygomatic?
In the human skull, the zygomatic bone (from Ancient Greek: ζῠγόν, romanized: zugón, lit. ‘yoke’), also called cheekbone or malar bone, is a paired irregular bone which articulates with the maxilla, the temporal bone, the sphenoid bone and the frontal bone.
How is a zygomatic fracture treated?
Which complication can result from a Zygoma fracture?
Malunion is the most common complication of zygomatic fractures and is the result of improper reduction and fixation, resulting in malocclusion, facial asymmetry, and enophthalmos. Extraocular muscle entrapment, although usually attributable to the initial fractures, also can occur secondary to fracture repair.
How long does it take for a zygomatic bone to heal?
Cheekbone fractures rarely get infected, so you will not usually need antibiotics. Swelling and bruising can be reduced by using cold packs and sleeping propped up for the first few days. Even if you have plates and screws to hold your cheekbone in place, it still takes about six weeks for the bone to heal completely.
When should a ZMC fracture be fixed?
The most common indication for surgery in ZMC fractures is displacement and rotation, and most displaced ZMC fractures should be treated surgically. If reduction is not performed properly, facial asymmetry will be prominent, as the result of lowering the malar prominent point [2].
What bones are in a tripod fracture?
Zygomatic body, anterior portion of zygomatic arch.
Which bone is involved with a tripod fracture?
tri·pod frac·ture. a facial fracture involving the three supports of the malar prominence, the arch of the zygomatic bone, the zygomatic process of the frontal bone, and the zygomatic process of the maxillary bone.
What is the function of the temporal fossa?
The temporal fossa is continuous with the infratemporal fossa inferiorly. This connection is established via the opening located deep to the zygomatic arch. This is an important clinical point, mainly for spreading infections.
Why is it called temporalis?
The temporalis muscle is a muscle that gets its name based on its location in the body. This muscle is a fan-shaped muscle located at the temporal bone in the skull, which is a bone of the side of the skull. A common term for the location of the temporal bone is the temple.
What are the two temporal bones called?
This part of the temporal bone is usually split into two: the petrous part and the mastoid part. The mastoid part is the most posterior part of the temporal bone. Its outer surface is roughened by muscular attachments. There is a downward conical projection called the mastoid process from the mastoid part.