What is transoral Odontoidectomy?
Transoral odontoid resection is a direct technique for ventral decompression of the spinal cord in cases of non-reducible subluxation following odontoid fractures, odontoid pathologies such as odontoid neoplasms and infections.
What is a transoral approach?
The standard transoral approach primarily provides midline exposure of the inferior one third of the clivus, the anterior craniovertebral junction, and the C1–C2 complex. Its main advantage is that it provides a direct extradural approach that does not require any brain retraction.
What is the Odontoid process?
The odontoid process, or dens, is a superior projecting bony element from the second cervical vertebrae (C2, or the axis). The first cervical vertebrae (atlas) rotates around the odontoid process to provide the largest single component of lateral rotation of the cervical spine.
What happens if you break your Odontoid?
These fractures can alter the biomechanics (movement) of the cervical spine leading to pain, neurologic problems (numbness in the back, legs, and arms), and decreased stability. Sometimes these fractures are missed or left untreated, and they can be associated with increased morbidity (disease) in older patients.
What does the term Odontoid mean?
Definition of odontoid process
: a toothlike process projecting from the anterior end of the centrum of the axis vertebra on which the atlas vertebra rotates.
What is the most common Odontoid fracture?
In an odontoid fracture, that peg of bone is broken. In a Type I odontoid fracture, just the tip of the bone is broken. In a Type II fracture, the most common type, the peg is broken at its base.
Is Odontoid fracture fatal?
The diagnosis and treatment of fractures of the odontoid process still pose many problems. The injury is potentially fatal or may entail extreinely serious neurological complications, but such complications may be completely avoided by early diagnosis and adequate treatment.
What is sacral in medical terms?
Listen to pronunciation. (SAY-krum) The large, triangle-shaped bone in the lower spine that forms part of the pelvis.
Where is the axis on the skeleton?
In anatomy, the axis (from Latin axis, “axle”) or epistropheus is the second cervical vertebra (C2) of the spine, immediately inferior to the atlas, upon which the head rests.
How serious is an Odontoid fracture?
Mortality rates following odontoid fractures are similar to mortality rates following hip fractures. Elderly patients with this injury have a 30-d mortality rate of approximately 10% to 25% 12 , 49 and a 1-yr mortality rate of 20% to 50%.
Can an Odontoid fracture heal on its own?
A stable fracture may “set” and heal itself. In an unstable fracture, the bone is more likely to move out of its normal position and alignment. Type II fractures are considered the least stable of the odontoid fractures. This makes them the most likely to require surgery.
What percentage of people survive a C2 fracture?
Results. The most common mechanism of injury was a fall from standing height (n=52, 74.3%). Mortality rates were 14.3% (n=10) at day 30, and 35.7% (n=25) at 1 year.
How serious is a broken sacrum?
In some cases, an injury to the sacrum can affect the nerves that control the bladder, bowel, or legs. Home treatment may be all that is needed for some sacral fractures. If a fracture is severe or affects nerves, you may need surgery. Bones heal best when you take good care of yourself.
What is another name for sacral?
What is another word for sacral?
| pelvic | genital |
|---|---|
| iliac | lumbar |
| pubic |
What is the only bone that does not have a joint?
the hyoid
The only bone in the human body not connected to another is the hyoid, a V-shaped bone located at the base of the tongue.
Which bone is most superior?
The atlas is the topmost vertebra and, with the axis (the vertebra below it), forms the joint connecting the skull and spine.
How long does it take to heal C2 fracture?
Type 2. This is a neck injury where the periosteum may be damaged and there is moderate risk of spinal cord injury. Treatment is a halo-vest as described above. These injuries take anywhere from eight to 12 weeks to heal.
Is C2 fracture serious?
C1 and C2 Vertebrae Breaks, Fractures, and Misalignments
Atlas C1 and axis C2 injuries are the most severe because damage to the spinal cord at any level has potential to remove communication to the rest of the body below that point.
Is it OK to walk with a fractured sacrum?
Do not sit on hard, unpadded surfaces. Sit on a doughnut-shaped pillow to take pressure off the tailbone area. Put only as much weight on each leg as your doctor tells you to. Your doctor may advise you to use crutches, a walker, or a cane to help you walk.
How long does it take to recover from a fractured sacrum?
Fracture healing
A sacral fracture takes 8–12 weeks to heal and fusion rates following sacral fractures have been reported to be 85–90%. Malunion can occur after delayed treatment or insufficient reduction, with a consequent alteration of pelvic incidence.
What does sacral mean in medical terms?
Medical Definition of sacral
(Entry 1 of 2) : of, relating to, or lying near the sacrum the sacral region of the spinal cord.
What is your sacral?
The sacral spine, also called the sacrum region, is the portion of your spine between your lower back and tailbone. It is a triangular-shaped bone that includes five vertebra that are fused together.
What is the weakest bone in your body?
The stapes is the smallest and lightest bone in the human body, and is so-called because of its resemblance to a stirrup (Latin: Stapes).
…
| Stapes | |
|---|---|
| TA2 | 895 |
| FMA | 52751 |
| Anatomical terms of bone |
What is the hardest bone in the body?
the jawbone
The hardest bone in the human body is the jawbone. The human skeleton renews once in every three months.
Which bone does not support any body weight?
The proximal end articulates with the tibia, does not articulate with the femur, is not part of the knee and does not bear any body weight. Lower end of the fibula, which articulates iwth the outer ankle bones, skiers often twist their ankles and break the fibula at the lateral malleous.