What are normal Fontan pressures?
Typical pressures in a well compensated young patient with a Fontan circulation are a CVP (mPAP) of 12 mm Hg and atrial pressure of 5 mm Hg, so giving a transpulmonary pressure gradient of about 7 mm Hg.
What is Fontan completion?
The Fontan completion goal is to re-route the systemic deoxygenated blood from the venous circulation into the pulmonary vasculature. In Francis Fontan’s first description involving two cases of tricuspid atresia, the right atrium was connected directly to the pulmonary artery, i.e., an atriopulmonary connection (APC).
Why is Fontan fenestrated?
Fenestration of the Fontan circuit allows for shunting of deoxygenated blood to the systemic circulation. This procedure improved the clinical outcomes of patients who are at high risk for poor Fontan results. However, it is controversial whether fenestration is beneficial for standard-risk patients.
What is a Fontan Conduit?
During the Fontan procedure, the surgeon: Disconnects the inferior vena cava (IVC) from the heart and connects it to the pulmonary artery using a conduit (tube). Makes a small hole between the conduit and the right atrium. This hole (or fenestration) lets some blood still flow back to the heart.
How old is the oldest Fontan patient?
(median: 15.1 years; range: 34 days to 37 years). The oldest survivor after the Fontan operation was 67 years of age (Fontan at age 39 years). Of the 723 follow-up questionnaires mailed out, 305 (42%) were returned.
How long do Fontan patients live?
Conclusions: Over 80% of patients who survive Fontan surgery will be alive at 20 years. Developing late sequelae including protein losing enteropathy, ventricular dysfunction or requiring a pacemaker predict a higher risk of late death.
How long does a Fontan operation take?
How long does the Fontan procedure take? This surgical procedure usually takes about four hours to perform. There are not as many risks following this surgery as are seen with the Norwood procedure. The amount of time your child will need to be in the hospital is usually around 10 to 14 days.
How long does a Fontan last?
How long can you live Fontan?
The long-term survival of the Australia and New Zealand Fontan population is excellent. Patients with an AP Fontan experience survival of 76% at 25 years. Technical modifications have further improved survival. Patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome are at higher risk of failure.
How long can you live after Fontan procedure?
Why does the Fontan fail?
The Failing Fontan
As the AHA Statement discusses, the single ventricle patients enter into a form of chronic heart failure from the time of Fontan operation. In this unique physiologic state, cardiac output is determined not by systemic ventricular function, but rather by the impedance to blood flow.
Is Fontan surgery safe?
Children who receive a Fontan procedure are at risk for many complications because of their abnormal circulation, including: Heart failure. Atrioventricular valve regurgitation (backflow through the heart’s valves}