What are the different types of wireless sensor networks?
Irrespective of the application, Wireless Sensor Networks in general can be classified into the following categories.
- Static and Mobile WSN.
- Deterministic and Nondeterministic WSN.
- Single Base Station and Multi Base Station WSN.
- Static Base Station and Mobile Base Station WSN.
- Single-hop and Multi-hop WSN.
What are the types of fault tolerance?
A fault-tolerant system may be able to tolerate one or more fault-types including — i) transient, intermittent or permanent hardware faults, ii) software and hardware design errors, iii) operator errors, or iv) externally induced upsets or physical damage.
What is fault tolerance protocol?
Fault-tolerant protocols are designed to be resistant to faults. Proving the resistance of protocols to faults is a very challenging problem, as it combines the parameterized setting that distributed systems are based-on, with the need to consider a hostile environment that produces the faults.
What is wireless sensor networks with example?
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) can be defined as a self-configured and infrastructure-less wireless networks to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants and to cooperatively pass their data through the network to a main location or sink where …
Why wireless sensor networks is used?
Applications of WSN:
Surveillance and Monitoring for security, threat detection. Environmental temperature, humidity, and air pressure. Noise Level of the surrounding. Medical applications like patient monitoring.
What are the features of wireless sensor networks?
3. Characteristics of WSN
- Power consumption limitations for sensor nodes.
- Ability to cope with failures of nodes.
- Mobility of nodes.
- Heterogeneity of nodes.
- Homogeneity of nodes.
- Ability to deploy on a large scale.
- Capability to survive harsh environmental conditions.
- Helps to use easily.
Why is fault tolerance important?
The key benefit of fault tolerance is to minimize or avoid the risk of systems becoming unavailable due to a component error.
How is fault tolerance achieved?
At a hardware level, fault tolerance is achieved by duplexing each hardware component. Disks are mirrored. Multiple processors are lockstepped together and their outputs are compared for correctness.
What makes a network fault-tolerant?
Fault-tolerant systems ensure no break in service by using backup components that take the place of failed components automatically. These may include: Hardware systems with identical or equivalent backup operating systems.
Where is Wireless Sensor Network used?
What are the characteristics of Wireless Sensor Network?
The characteristics of a good wireless sensor network include power efficiency, scalability, responsiveness, reliability and mobility.
Where is wireless sensor network used?
What are characteristics of wireless sensor network?
What are the basic components of sensor network?
The components of a sensor network include sensor nodes, sensors, the gateway, and a management node. The four topologies of sensor networks are point to point, star, tree, and mesh.
What is the power source of a wireless sensor network?
Well established power sources, such as batteries, are reviewed along with emerging technologies and currently untapped sources. Power sources are classified as energy reservoirs, power distribution methods, or power scavenging methods, which enable wireless nodes to be completely self-sustaining.
What is a good example of fault tolerance?
A twin-engine airplane is a fault tolerant system – if one engine fails, the other one kicks in, allowing the plane to continue flying. Conversely, a car with a spare tire is highly available. A flat tire will cause the car to stop, but downtime is minimal because the tire can be easily replaced.
How do you improve fault tolerance?
Improving fault tolerance through redundant designs. One of the simple actions that can be taken to increase fault tolerance is by incorporating redundancies in the design. Redundancy simply means the presence of an alternate system or solution that can take over the intended function should the primary system fail.
How do you measure fault tolerance?
Here, fault-tolerance is calculated as f = m/n, where m is number of tolerable subsystem failures and n is number of available subsystems.
What are issues in fault tolerance?
For a system to have this property, many separate issues are involved: fault confinement, fault detection, fault masking, retry, diagnosis, reconfiguration, recovery, restart, repair, and reintegration. These issues are discussed, and are applied to two well-known fault tolerance distributed systems.
Why do we need wireless sensor network?
What are the characteristics of wireless sensor network?
Characteristics
- Power consumption constraints for nodes using batteries or energy harvesting.
- Ability to cope with node failures (resilience)
- Some mobility of nodes (for highly mobile nodes see MWSNs)
- Heterogeneity of nodes.
- Homogeneity of nodes.
- Scalability to large scale of deployment.
What are the components of wireless sensor networks?
wireless sensor networks, the 4 important hardware units are; a processing unit, a transceiver unit, sensing units and a power unit.
What is the advantage of a wireless sensor network in industrial applications?
WSNs are faster to install and much easier to relocate compared to wired solutions. They are extremely scalable and link-reliable, and offer real-time capability and energy independence when deployed with energy-harvesting devices.
What are the characteristic requirements of wireless sensor network?
What is meant by wireless sensor network?
A wireless sensor network (WSN) can be defined as a network of small embedded devices, called sensors, which communicate wirelessly following an ad hoc configuration.