What is the meaning of cross-reaction?
Definition of cross-reaction
: reaction of one antigen with antibodies developed against another antigen.
Why do antibodies cross react?
An antibody reacts with antigens other than the antigen that stimulated it. This phenomenon is called cross-reaction. Cross-reaction occurs due to the shared epitope on multivalent antigens or conformational similarity of epitopes.
Why does cross-reactivity occur?
Cross-reactivity in allergic reactions occurs when the proteins in one substance (typically pollen) are similar to the proteins found in another substance (typically a food). For example, if you are allergic to birch tree pollen, you may also find that eating apples causes a reaction for you.
What does antibody reactivity mean?
What does the term antibody cross-reactivity mean? The antibody reactivity to antigens other than the immunogen is termed cross-reactivity. Cross-reactivity is a potential problem and the testing of an antibody against closely related proteins is an important part of demonstrating its specificity.
What is cross-reactivity of antibiotics?
Key Messages. Cross-reactivity occurs between beta-lactams with a closely related structure and affects antibiotic choice in allergic patients. The beta-lactam ring, the thiazolidine/dihydrothiazine ring and the side-chains are all potentially immunogenic.
What are cross reactions and why are they important?
Cross-reactivity is the most common cause of interference in immunoassays and is caused by compounds with structural resemblance with the target analyte because such compounds may carry similar or the same type of epitopes to the target analyte.
What does no cross-reactivity mean?
Cross-reactivity, in a general sense, is the reactivity of an observed agent which initiates reactions outside the main reaction expected. This has implications for any kind of test or assay, including diagnostic tests in medicine, and can be a cause of false positives.
What is meant by cross sensitivity?
INTRODUCTION. Cross sensitivity is defined as sensitivity to one substance that renders an individual sensitive to other substances of similar chemical structure. [1] Cross sensitivity has been reported commonly among various β lactam antibiotics and sulfonamides.
What is cross reactive material?
A protein product resulting from mutation that has lost its function but is recognizable by its ability to react with antibodies raised against the normal protein. More broadly, material may cross-react because it bears an epitope in common with the antigen.
What means cross resistance?
Definition of cross-resistance
: tolerance (as of a bacterium) to a usually toxic substance (such as an antibiotic) that is acquired not as a result of direct exposure but by exposure to a related substance.
What is penicillin cross-reactivity?
Cross-reactivity occurs between beta-lactams with a closely related structure and affects antibiotic choice in allergic patients. The beta-lactam ring, the thiazolidine/dihydrothiazine ring and the side-chains are all potentially immunogenic.
How can cross-reactivity be beneficial?
Prediction of cross-reactivity is important for vaccine design in two ways. It would be useful to predict protection against a pathogen and escape variants or multiple pathogens with similar epitopes if this is found to increase efficiency.
Why must T cells be cross reactive?
First, a cross-reactive T cell repertoire generates a near perfect solution to the huge challenge of providing effective immune cover by allowing a limited number of T cells to provide immunity against virtually all foreign peptides that can bind to self MHC molecules.
What is cross-reactivity in antigen antibody interaction?
Cross-reactivity is the ability of an antigen to bind with an antibody that was raised to a different antigen. It may arise by one of two mechanisms: shared epitopes on multivalent antigens or conformational similarity of epitopes.
What is cross-reactivity in microbiology?
Cross-reactivity between antigens occurs when an antibody directed against one specific antigen is successful in binding with another, different antigen.
What is an example of cross-resistance?
An example of cross‐resistance is the efflux system AcrAB–TolC which confers resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobials but also to metals, dyes and detergents (Anes, McCusker, Fanning, & Martins, 2015).
Why does cross-resistance occur?
Definition: Resistance to other drugs within an antibiotic class or to unrelated drugs. Resistance arises when bacteria acquire drug resistance genes or mutations in genes that alter their sensitivity to an antibiotic.
What is cross sensitivity of antibiotics?
A sensitivity reaction to a drug that predisposes a person to react similarly to a different, but related, drug. For example, a person who has an allergic reaction to amoxicillin may also have an allergic reaction to cephalexin, a related antibiotic.
What antibiotics have cross sensitivity with penicillin?
Cross sensitivity
- Cephalexin.
- Cefadroxil.
- Ceflaclor.
- Cephradine.
- Cefprozil.
- Ceftriaxone.
- Cefpodoxime.
What is a cross reactive T-cell?
The ability of the T-cell receptor (TCR) to recognize more than one peptide-MHC structure defines cross-reactivity. Cross-reactivity is a documented phenomenon of the immune system whose importance is still under investigation.
What is TCR cross-reactivity?
T-cell cross-reactivity is a phenomenon of the immune system defined as the recognition of two or more peptide-MHC complexes (pMHCs) by the TCR. The recognition is based on the ability of the TCR to bind sufficiently well to initiate a cellular response.
What is cross reactive protein?
Cross-reactivity between antigens occurs when an antibody raised against one specific antigen has a competing high affinity toward a different antigen, therefore the antibody is able to recognize a protein which is different to the one it was raised against.
What is meant by cross-resistance?
What is the meaning of cross-resistance?
What is the meaning of cross sensitivity?
Cross sensitivity is defined as sensitivity to one substance that renders an individual sensitive to other substances of similar chemical structure.