What were cog ships used for?
A cog is a sailboat which was very common in Norther Europe in the Middle Ages and was used as a cargo vessel as well as a warship. The vessels were large, with a spacious cargo space, and were mostly equipped with one mast and one large square sail.
What is a sea cog?
A cog was a type of northern European medieval vessel not Mediterranean. While there is some debate over exactly what a cog was, it is likely that cogs were the distinctive sort of ship represented on many medieval town seals such as the 1329 seal from Stralsund (Fig. 2a) or the 1350 seal from Elbing (Fig.
Where is cog of a ship?
‘Centre of gravity’ (G) of a ship may be defined as being the point where the total weight force (W) of the ship is considered to act vertically downwards. The vertical position of G is expressed in terms of ‘metres above the keel’ (KG).
What does a cog ship look like?
Cogs are ships with flat bottom, which had a ridge or keel that runs along the bottom of the ship. On both the sides of the keel there is lapstrake planking, firmly fixed by iron nails. The stern and stern posts are both straight in shape and are attached to the keel plate by means of hooks.
Who used the cog ship?
Cog’s were used primarily for trade in medieval Europe, especially in the Baltic Sea by the Hanseatic League. A cog could be around 15m to 25m in length and it could carry around 200 tons.
How much could a cog ship carry?
They ranged from about 15 meters to 25 meters in length (49 ft to 82 ft) with a beam of 5 to 8 meters (16 ft to 26 ft), and the largest cog ships could carry up to about 200 tons.
What is SOG and cog?
SOG = Speed over Ground – includes current forecast. COG = Course over Ground to the next waypoint.
How fast is a cog ship?
A cog was about 40 feet long and 20 feet wide and the deck came about ten feet out of the water. It could carry 40 tons of cargo. A cog required at least four crew members to man the vessel at all times and could carry a compliment of 20 crew and passengers. Its sailing speed was two miles per hour in light winds.
What does cog stand for in sailing?
Course Over Ground
COG, Course Over Ground, indicates the direction of the boat’s heading relative to the land. Over ground means “in relation to the earth”, see also the term SOG. Therefore, COG means the true direction free from the effects of sea currents.
How many men can fit on a cog?
Crews of up to 45 for civilian cogs are recorded, and 60 for a 240 ton cog being used for military transportation.
How many men could fit on a cog?
…by another Venetian ship, the cog. A buss of 240 tons with lateen sails was required by maritime statutes of Venice to be manned by a crew of 50 sailors. The crew of a square-sailed cog of the same size was only 20 sailors.
What is the difference SOG and STW?
Speed Over the Ground (SOG) is the speed of the vessel relative to the surface of the earth. Speed Through Water (STW) is the speed of the vessel relative to the water. It is possible for the STW to be zero while the SOG is 5 knots, for example if the boat was drifting in a 5 knot current.
What is the difference between cog and heading?
Course Over Ground (COG) is the actual direction of motion (the intended direction of travel). While heading is the direction in which a vehicle/vessel is pointing at any given moment (https://www.applanix.com/news/blog-course-heading-bearing/).
What is cog short for?
COG
| Acronym | Definition |
|---|---|
| COG | Cost Of Goods |
| COG | Crazy Old Guy |
| COG | Commonwealth Observer Group (various locations) |
| COG | Child of God |
How fast was a cog ship?
How many crews are on a cog ship?
The ships (cogs) were small, most having a regular crew of 5 or 6, with an additional fighting force of 10 to 15 archers and men-at-arms.
What is SOG and COG?
Why STW is used in radar?
Speed through the water (STW) is the speed of the vessel referenced to the water in which it is navigating. In general, STW is used for radar collision avoidance to provide a more accurate indication of the target’s aspect and SOG is used for navigation.
What is the difference between SOG and STW?
Where does the word cog come from?
From Middle English cogge, from Middle Dutch kogge, cogghe (modern kogge), from Proto-Germanic *kuggō (compare German Kock (“cogboat”), Norwegian kugg (“cog (gear tooth)”)), from Proto-Indo-European *gugā (“hump, ball”) (compare Lithuanian gugà (“pommel, hump, hill”)), from *gēw- (“to bend, arch”).
What does cog mean in military?
A center of gravity (COG) is a source of power that provides moral or physical strength, freedom of action, or will to act. 1 Analyzing COGs provides a means of focusing friendly efforts, both offensively and defensively.
How many men could a cog carry?
What is SOG and STW?
Speed over Ground (SOG) is the vessel’s speed in one hour concerning the land or any other fixed object such as buoys. Speed through Water (STW) is the vessel’s speed in one hour concerning the water or anything floating on water.
What is BCR and BCT?
Bow Crossing Range of target (BCR) Bow Crossing Time of target (BCT)
What is a synonym for cog?
prong, cogwheel, differential, fang, gear, pinion, rack, ratchet, tine, tooth, transmission, tusk, wheel.