What is a smart grid in networking?
Smart grid is a generic label for the application of computer intelligence and networking abilities to a dumb electricity distribution system. Smart grid initiatives seek to improve operations, maintenance and planning by making sure that each component of the electric grid can both ‘talk’ and ‘listen.
What are the five layers of smart grid communication?
Synchrophasor Networks for Grid Monitoring. Power Quality Measurement and Fault Detection and Identification. Wireless network access and security. Neighborhood area communication network.
Is smart grid an application of IoT?
One of the most important applications of IoT is the Smart Grid (SG). SG is a data communications network which is integrated with the power grid to collect and analyze data that are acquired from transmission lines, distribution substations, and consumers.
What are seven important smart grid domains by NIST?
Domains of a smart grid [NIST].
- Fadi A. Aloul.
- A.R. Al-Ali.
- Rami Al-Dalky.
- Wassim El-Hajj.
What are the 3 features of a smart grid?
Availability, integrity, and confidentiality are three high-level cyber security objectives for the Smart Grid. In addition to such high-level objectives, the NIST report [29] also recommends specific security requirements for the Smart Grid, including both cyber security and physical security.
What are the six key components of a smart grid?
These components include smart appliances, electric vehicles, smart substations, smart meters, distributed generation, Phasor measurement units, integrated communication, and sensing and measurement techniques.
What are the five challenges of smart grid?
In general, communication infrastructure for smart grid should meet requirements for time synchronization, reliability, latency, criticality of data delivery, and support for multicast [2]. Furthermore, a major issue in networking communications in smart grid is interoperability.
What are the key drivers of smart grid?
Smart Grid Drivers
Key factors driving smart grid in developed countries include Demand Side Management (TOU tariff, automated demand response, etc.) and environmental concerns for renewable integration.
What is the real example of a smart grid device?
The real example of a smart grid device is a smart meter.
What are smart grid applications?
It’s simply applying technologies like smart meters to help with the two-way flow of information between customers and utility agencies. This information revolves around consumption time, amount and appropriate pricing. It enables smart grids to have a wide range of functions compared to conventional grid technologies.
Which approach is used in smart grid architecture?
The Smart Grid Architecture Model (SGAM), an approach that has been developed during the last couple of years, provides a very good and structured basis for the design, development, and validation of new solutions and technologies.
What is the role of market domain in smart grid system?
In short, the Markets domain interfaces with all domains of the smart grid. Communication flows between the Markets domain and the domains supplying energy are critical because efficient matching of production with consumption is dependent on markets or their proxies.
How many types of smart grids are there?
There are two types of information structures are used in smart grid. The first is from the electrical appliances to the smart meter using wireless communication technologies such as Zigbee, Low PAN etc. Second flow is used to share data between smart meter and the utility data centers using cellular technologies [14].
What are the three 3 features of a smart grid?
What are the disadvantages of smart grid?
One of the major drawbacks is that the overhead costs of a smart grid are extremely expensive and time-consuming, which would increase labor costs; however, this new market for smart grids can lead to a whole new market for electricity, thus creating many jobs.
What are the types of smart grid architecture?
Smart grid use two different network types for communication one is HAN and WAN. HAN is used to connect the home appliances with the smart meter. There are different technologies that are used as a home area network such as Zigbee, Wireless Ethernet or Wired Ethernet and Bluetooth.
What role of cloud in smart grid architecture is?
Explanation: B)
Role of the cloud in smart grid architecture is to manage data. 2. Through which network does Open IoT manage registration, deployment of sensors?
Which technology is used in smart grid?
Depending upon the need, Many different technologies are used in smart grid communication like Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), wireless, cellular, SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition), and BPL.
What are the four pillars of smart grid?
Sensor and control hardware. Communications. Analytical Software. IT-focused Utility Operations.
Why do we need smart grid?
A smart grid entails technology applications that will allow an easier integration and higher penetration of renewable energy. It will be essential for accelerating the development and widespread usage of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and their potential use as storage for the grid.
What are the challenges of smart grid?
What is another name for i2c?
the two wire interface
Explanation: The i2c protocol also known as the two wire interface is a simple serial communication protocol that uses just pins of a microcontroller namely SCL and SDA.
Which country is using smart grid?
Among the countries that have or will begin investing in substantial smart grid infrastructure are Canada, Mexico, Brazil, the EU including many member states, Japan, Korea, Australia, India, and China.
Who invented smart grid?
Automatic meter reading devices introduced in the 1970s were the beginning of meters which provided information back to the utility, a basic requirement of any smart grid system. The technology for monitoring sensors and relaying the data grew out of the caller-ID technology patented by Theodore Paraskevakos.